LITABA TSA OLINK TECHNOLOGY---- KHOPO EA LIKHOPO KE ENG?
Lithapo tsa likhoele ke likopano tse nang le lithapo tse ngata tse khaotsoeng tse koetsoeng kapa tse tlanngoeng hammoho.Likopano tsena li nolofalletsa ho kenya nakong ea tlhahiso ea likoloi.Li boetse li etselitsoe ho sebelisa sebaka se senyenyane ka har'a koloi, ho fana ka tšireletso e eketsehileng ho terata, le ho fana ka lintlha tse sireletsehileng tsa ho khomarela, kahoo li thusa ho sebetsana le mathata a ho sisinyeha, likhohlano le likotsi tse ling.
KE LIHELE TSE MANG KAE KOLOI KA MONG?
Likoloi le literaka li na le likhoele tse arohaneng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata tse ka har'a board, ho kenyeletsoa: betri le phepelo ea motlakase, lisebelisoa tse khantšang, mochini o tsamaisang, taolo ea sekepe, anti-lock braking, sehlopha sa li-signer (dashboard), mabone a kahare, polokeho ea kahare le polokeho, ka pele- mabone a ho qetela, mabone a ka morao, mamati (liloko le li-control tsa lifensetere), li-wiring tsa li-trailer-hitch, le morao tjena, mekhoa ea lik'hamera tse ka morao, likhokahano tsa mohala le bluetooth, le GPS kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho tsamaisa sathelaete.Khakanyo e 'ngoe, e hlahisoang ke k'hamphani e hlahlobang lithapo tsa Cirris Systems makasineng ea Assembly, ke hore palo e tloaelehileng ea lithapo ka koloi ka 'ngoe ke tse 20.
THAMELO TSA terata LE TERMINATION
Koloi e nyane kapa "C-class" e na le terata ea 1.2 km ka har'a eona, 'me ho feta 90% ea sena ke bophara ba 0.5 mm, kapa ho feta, ho latela tlhahiso ea CRU's 2012 Wire and Cable Conference ka Francois Schoeffler oa Acome.Sehlopha sa compact se na le palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea karolo efe kapa efe.Ka 2013, baetsi ba likoloi ba hlahisitse likoloi tse kopaneng tse limilione tse 26 - 30% ea selemo sa tlhahiso ea likoloi le literaka tse bobebe.Sena se bolela hore terata ea insulated km e fetang limilione tse 30 e ile ea sebelisoa bakeng sa likoloi tse kopaneng selemong se fetileng.
Moetsi oa likoloi oa Jeremane BMW e re litsamaiso tsa motlakase mefuteng ea eona e meholohali li ka ba le lik'hilomithara tse 3 tsa likhoele le lisebelisoa tsa lithapo tse boima ba 60 kg.Puisanong ea 2013 bakeng sa Expo ea Theknoloji ea Motlakase ea Ts'ebetso ea Motlakase, Dr. Don Price, ofisiri ea Ford Motor Co. le US Council For Automotive Research, o hlokometse hore ho na le "li-cut lead" tse 1,000 (lipheletsong tsa terata) koloing ka 'ngoe. likhoele.
KHOTHA THATA
Ntle le palo e kholo ea ho emisoa, baqapi ba lithapo ba tlameha ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa boholo ba terata, ts'epahalo ea tikoloho, le ho kenya habonolo ha lithapo li ntse li fokotsa boholo ba lithapo, boima le theko.Ka kakaretso, lithapo li etselitsoe mefuta e itseng kapa sethala.Ehlile, mefuta e mengata ea likoloi e ka odara ka likarolo tsa boikhethelo, kapa motsoako oa likarolo tsa likarolo.Sena se eketsa boemo bo bong ba ho rarahana bakeng sa setsi sa ho kopanya - ho boloka, ho laola le ho kenya lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse rarahaneng tsa lithapo.Ka hona, li-harnesses li etselitsoe ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li tšoara nakong ea kopano.
Ka linako tse ling mesebetsi e mengata e hlophisoa hammoho, 'me baetsi ba lithapo ba fana ka lithapo tse kholo, kapa tse ling tse rarahaneng tse nang le likhoele tse ngata tse tlanngoeng kapa tse thatetsoeng hammoho.Mehlala e kenyelletsa lithapo tsa mamati kapa likhoele tse ka pele tse sebelisoang ke lik'hamphani tse ling.
LIHLOKO TSA TŠEPAHALA
Tse ling tsa likhoele tsa likoloi li tšehetsa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa polokeho.Mohlala, lithapo tsa lithapo bakeng sa seteraeke, mariki, le taolo ea enjene li tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tse tiileng tsa ho ts'epahala, ho kenyeletsoa lintlha tsa maemo a mocheso, ho thothomela le ho bola.Litlhoko tsena li ama li-conductors, li-terminations, le lisebelisoa tsa ho apara liaparo.Likoloi le tsona li ka ba le likhokahano tse 30 lits'ebetsong tse laolang mekotla ea moea, boemo ba setulo, le lithibelo tse ling tsa polokeho.
LIHARENE LI ETSOA JOANG?
Tlhahiso ea likhoele e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa le lits'ebetso tse latelang:
- ho kgaola terata e kentsoeng ka bolelele bo itseng
- ho hlobola sekoaelo pheletsong
- ho kenya li-terminations, li-plug, kapa lihlooho
- ho beha bolelele ba thapo e felisitsoeng letlapeng kapa foreiming
- ho kopanya li-clamp, li-clip, kapa theipi ho kopanya bolelele ba cable libakeng tse loketseng
- ho sebelisa li-tubes, matsoho, kapa theipi bakeng sa tšireletso, matla le ho tiea
- teko le setifikeiti
Lethathamong lena, ts'ebetso ea boraro, ho phahamisa lits'oants'o, e na le mehato e mengata le mefuta e fapaneng ho latela mofuta oa mokhanni le mofuta oa sehokelo.Ts'ebetso ea ho emisa e ka kenyelletsa liphekolo tse fapaneng tsa holim'a li-conductors, crimping, bonding, le ho tiisa, le ho hokela libutsi tse fapaneng, likotoana, lijana kapa matlo.
TS'EBETSO E TSOANG KA MAUANA HA E QOBETSOE
Mechini e ka khona ho phethahatsa tse ling tsa mekhoa e thathamisitsoeng ka holimo, tse kang ho seha, ho li hlobolisa le ho li hula.Ho seng joalo, ho na le mosebetsi o mongata o amehang ho beha lithapo le ho hokela hardware.BMW e fana ka tlhokomeliso e latelang tlhalosong ea lithapo tsa likoloi tsa eona: “Ka lebaka la ho rarahana ha tsona haholo, lithapo tsa likhoele li etsoa feela ka mokhoa o ikemetseng ka mathateng a manyane haholo.Hoo e ka bang 95% ea tlhahiso e etsoa ka letsoho ho seo ho thoeng ke liboto tsa moralo. ”
KHOEBO EA MACHABA KA LIHELE
Hobane basebetsi e le karolo e kholo ea litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea bona, baetsi ba lisebelisoa ba ntse ba aha lifeme tse ncha linaheng tse nang le litefiso tse tlase tsa basebetsi.Baetsi ba likhoele ba haha lifeme tse ncha e le karolo ea mananeo a katoloso kapa e le karolo ea mananeo a ho fetisetsa tlhahiso ho limmaraka tse theko e tlase.Maemong a mang, tlhokahalo ea lifeme tse ncha e amahanngoa le mefuta e mecha ea likoloi kapa limela tse ncha tsa ho kopanya likoloi.
MEXICO E ETELELA KA HO THUSOA KA LIHELETE
Ho latela lintlha tsa khoebo ea machaba, linaha tse 11 li ile tsa romela kantle ho naha e fetang US$1 bilione ea likhoele tsa likhoele tsa makoloi ka 2013. Thepa ea Mexico e ne e le kholo ka ho fetisisa, e le US$6.5 bilione.China e ne e le ea bobeli, ka US$3.2 bilione, e lateloa ke Romania, Vietnam, US, Morocco, Philippines, Jeremane, Poland, Nicaragua le Tunisia.Barekisi bana ba holimo ba bonts'a karolo ea Europe Bochabela, Afrika Leboea, le Asia Boroa-bochabela tlhahisong ea lisebelisoa tsa lefats'e.Leha Jeremane e se 'maraka oa basebetsi o theko e tlase, lik'hamphani tse' maloa tse kholo li na le ntlo-kholo, li-labs tsa meralo le liteko, le litsi tsa thepa Jeremane.(Selaete sa 7)
SEBAKA SA LIMPATSO TSE HLAHANG
Ka 2003 thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ea lefats'e e ile ea etsa kakaretso ea US$14.5 bilione, 'me US$5.4 e rometsoe ho tsoa linaheng tse boemong ba 'maraka o tsoetseng pele le US$9.1 bilione e rometsoeng ho tsoa limmarakeng tse ntseng li hlaha.Ka 2013, thekiso ea thepa ea kantle ho naha e ne e eketsehile ka CAGR ea 9% ho isa ho $34.3 bilione.Mebaraka e ntseng e hola ke eona e bakileng boholo ba kholo ena, 'me thepa ea bona e tsoang kantle e ile ea nyoloha ka CAGR ea 11% ho isa ho $26.7 billion.Thepa e tsoang ho limmaraka tse tsoetseng pele e eketsehile ka CAGR ea 4% ho isa ho US $ 7.6 bilione.
Khōlo EA HARNESS THEKISO
Ho phaella ho dinaha tse 11 tse rometsweng kantle ho naha ka 2013 tse hohelang makoloi tse fetang US$1 bilione, ho bile le dinaha tse 26 tse romellwang kantle ho naha pakeng tsa US$100 milione le US$1 bilione, le dinaha tse ding tse 20 tse rekiseditseng kantle pakeng tsa US$10 milione le US$100 milione.Ka hona, linaha tse 57 ke tsona tse ikarabellang bakeng sa kakaretso ea 2013 ea ho romelloa kantle ho naha ea US$34 bilione.
LIMARAKA TSE NANG LE LIFEKENG TSE MOCHA
Linaha tse ling tse nang le thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha lipakeng tsa US$10 milione le US$100 milione ke tse sa tsoa fihla indastering - tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa e qalile nakong ea lilemo tse peli kapa tse tharo tse fetileng mme e ntse e eketseha haholo.Ka mohlala, Cambodia, e ne e se na thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha ho fihlela ka 2012, ha Yazaki le Sumitomo Wiring Systems li theha lifeme tsa likhoele moo.Feme ea Yazaki e ile ea buloa qetellong ea selemo.Diyantle tsa Cambodia di ne di le US$17 milione ka 2012 le US$74 milione ka 2013, e leng keketseho ya 334% ya selemo le selemo.Ford Motors le eona e ile ea bula setsi se secha sa likopano Cambodia ka 2013.
E 'ngoe e ncha ke Paraguay.Fujikura e ile ea bula polante ea likhoele tsa likhoele moo ka Mphalane 2011 'me ea atolosa ts'ebetso ka semela sa bobeli ka Loetse 2013. Paraguay e boetse e na le polante e ncha ea ho kopanya likoloi - khoebo e kopaneng ea Dongfeng le Nissan e qalileng ts'ebetso ka 2011. Mebaraka e meng e bonts'ang keketseho e kholo lilemong tsa morao tjena li kenyelletsa Costa Rica, El Salvador, Egypt, Macedonia, Moldova le Serbia.
LITHO TSE TSOANG LITHOA KA TSOHLE KE 75% EA Mmaraka Oohle
Lintlha tsa khoebo li na le thuso ho bontša karolo ea limmaraka tsa basebetsi tse theko e tlase indastering ea lefats'e ea likhoele tsa likhoele, empa baetsi ba likoloi ba bangata ba sebelisa lithapo tse entsoeng naheng e le 'ngoe.Mohlala, lintlha tsa khoebo li bonts'a thepa e tsoang China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Morocco, le linaha tse ling tse nang le lifeme tsa ho kopanya likoloi le literaka.CRU e hakanya hore kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea likhoele tsa terata ka 2013 e ne e le US$43 bilione, ho kenyeletsoa lithapo tsa lapeng le tse tsoang kantle ho naha.
HLOMELA BOHLOKOA KOLOI KA MONG
Lintlha tse mabapi le khoebo ea machaba li fumaneha ho latela boleng (US$) le boima (kg).Linaha tse kang Argentina, Canada, Italy, Sweden, le UK li na le limela tsa ho kopanya likoloi kapa literaka empa ha li na lifeme tsa marapo.Linaheng tse joalo, lintlha tse mabapi le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha e ka aroloa ka palo ea likoloi tse hlahisoang ho fumana boleng le boima ba lithapo tsa likhoele koloing ka 'ngoe.Liphetho li bonts'a mefuta e fapaneng lipakeng tsa linaha tse fapaneng, e bonts'a motsoako oa boholo ba koloi le maemo a fapaneng a litheko (likarolo) tse entsoeng naheng ka 'ngoe.
Ka mohlala, ka 2013, theko ea likoloi ka koloi e ne e tloha ho US$300 bakeng sa Argentina ho ea ho feta US$700 bakeng sa limmaraka tse ling tsa W. Europe.Phapang e bakoa ke motsoako oa likoloi tse hlahisoang, 'me linaha tse kang Jeremane, Sweden le UK li na le liperesente tse phahameng tsa likoloi tse kholo le tsa maemo a holimo.Kakaretso ea boleng ba koloi ka 'ngoe Italy e ne e le US$407, 'me motsoako oa Italy oa likoloi tse nyenyane, tse bohareng le tse kholo li tšoana le motsoako oa lefatše lohle.
LITEHELO TSA BATHO BA LIKOLOI LI TLA TSOELA PELE
Ha ho nahanoa ka motsoako oa mefuta ea likoloi le phapang e pharaletseng ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse fapaneng, CRU e hakantse boleng ba lithapo tsa likoloi lefatšeng ka bophara hoo e ka bang US$500 ka 2013. Boleng bona bo eketsehile ka CAGR ea 10% ho tloha ho $200 ka 2003. ho boletsoe pejana, keketseho ea litheko tsa koporo e entse tlatsetso e nyane ho phahama ha litšenyehelo tsa likhoele, empa ntlha e kholo e bile palo e ntseng e eketseha ea ho emisoa ha koloi ka 'ngoe.
HLAHALA LITABA
E sebelisa lintlha tsa khoebo mabapi le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ka lithane, CRU e hakantse karolelano ea lik'hilograma tsa likhoele tsa koloi ka koloi le literaka tse bobebe tse hlahisitsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara ka 2013 ho ba 23 kg.Dipalopalo ho ya ka naha di tloha ho tse ka tlase ho 10 kg koloi ka nngwe mebarakeng e meng e ntseng e hola e nang le peresente e phahameng ya dimotlolo tsa motheo kapa tse nyane, ho ya ho tse fetang 25 kg koloi ka nngwe mebarakeng e meng e tsoetseng pele e nang le makoloi a maholo le a maemo a mabothobotho.
KAROLO EA KHOPO EA BOIMA KA KOLOI
Ka karolelano e ne e le lik'hilograma tse 13 ka koloi e 'ngoe Argentina, 18 kg Italy, 20 kg Japane, le ho feta 25 kg UK.Hape, ho sa tsotellehe mefuta e mengata ea lihlopha tsa likoloi le linaha, ho na le mokhoa o hlakileng oa ho feta lik'hilograma ka koloi linaheng tsohle ho tloha 2003 ho ea ho 2013. Palo ea lefatše e ne e le 13.5 kg ka koloi ka 2003, 16.6 ka 2008, le 23.4 ka 2013. boima ba koloi e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe bo kenyelletsa boima ba lithapo tse sirelelitsoeng, li-terminations, li-clamp, li-clip, lithae tsa cable, li-tubing tse sireletsang, matsoho le teipi.Boholo ba li-conductor bo ka tloha ho 0.5 mm2 ho isa ho tse fetang 2.0 mm2, ho latela ts'ebeliso.
KE MANG YO O DIRANG DIHELE?
Bongata ba lithapo tsa likhoele tsa likoloi li entsoe ke bahlahisi ba ikemetseng ba likarolo tsa koloi le lik'hamphani tse sebetsanang le lithapo tsa likhoele.Lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng, tse ling tsa lifeme tse kholo tsa likoloi li ne li e-na le lithuso tsa ho etsa litšepe, empa tsena li ile tsa aroloa, hangata ho litsebi tse kholo tsa likoloi.Maemong a mangata, lik'hamphani tsa marang-rang li rekisetsa baetsi ba likoloi ba bangata.Sehlopha se ka holimo sa baetsi ba lithapo se kenyelletsa lik'hamphani tse latelang (ka tatellano ea alfabeta): Acome, Delphi, Draexlmaier, Fujikura, Furukawa Automotive Systems, Kromberg le Schubert, Lear, Leoni, Sumitomo Wiring Systems, le Yazaki.
Likhamphani tsena kaofela li na le lifeme tsa lisebelisoa libakeng tse ngata.Ka mohlala, Yazaki e ne e e-na le basebetsi ba 236,000 libakeng tsa 237 linaheng tsa 43 ho tloha ka June 2014. Lik'hamphani tsena tsa maemo a holimo li boetse li na le mekhatlo e kopanetsoeng le mekhatlo e kopanetsoeng linaheng tse ngata.Ka linako tse ling li-JV kapa balekane ba na le mabitso a lik'hamphani tse fapaneng.Sehlopha sa bobeli sa baetsi ba likoloi tsa likoloi se kenyelletsa Idaco, Lorom, Lumen, MSSL (mohoebo o kopaneng oa Samvardhana Motherson Group le Sumitomo Wiring Systems), Yura le ba bang ba bangata.
Nako ea poso: Jun-23-2020